Introduction to healthcare professional CPR / AED
The leading cause of death in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC.gov) is cardiovascular disease. Risk factors for cardiovascular disease are smoking, hypertension, high cholesterol, inactivity, stress and obesity. Inevitable factors are age, sex, hereditary and diabetes. It is important to note that death is most likely to occur after 10 minutes of oxygen to the brain. Brain damage is expected in 6 to 10 minutes. Brain damage from 4 to 6 minutes is very possible and there is essentially no brain damage between 0 and 4 minutes. However, CPR should still be done.
According to the latest 2010 AHA guidelines, it is indicated that chest compressions are as effective as a combination of CPRs, so that at least a copy of the chest should be given to patients who are not confident for the performer I am recommending.
The CPR of the two rescue workers
The roll must switch to a breathing ratio of 30: 2 every 5 cycles (2 minutes).
When to end CPR
If the patient recovers the pulse, the area becomes hazardous, the cardiac arrest lasts longer than 30 minutes, the rescuer is exhausted or ordered to stop.
Or if these complications occurred:
Fracture, puncture, rupture or collapse of the lungs, rib ablation, bruises of the heart and / or lungs.
Blood-borne pathogens recognizing hepatitis B and hepatitis C (HBV / HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis (TB).
Good Samaritans
Those who are injured, those who help people who are suffering from illness or danger are protected by Good Samaria Act. As long as you act voluntarily without expecting refunds or compensation while doing such assistance you can receive legal protection at the site. Remember Remember to count every second when you run CPR. If you do not need, call 911 immediately and immediately perform CPR or external chest compressions.
Adult CPR
C is for Circulation - Adult Compresses
Circulate the blood of chest compression subjects. When pressing, it is important to hit your hand correctly on the patient's chest. To do so, find the point where the patient's ribs encounter (just under each side) and link your fingers with both hands. Please make sure that you are kneeling by the patient's shoulder. Once the position is in place, lock the elbow and use the body weight to compress 2 inches into the patient's chest. Please make sure the patient's chest rises after each compression.
Please do not forget to manage CPR until help comes.
A is for the respiratory tract. Clean the airway
Please check for obstacles such as tongue, foreign body, vomiting, swelling, foods blocking patient's throat or ventilation (wiping with fingers as necessary).
Make sure the patient is on a firm / solid surface (back). Next, please knept at the patient's neck / shoulder side. Holding the chin gently with the other hand, tilt the head backward with the palm of your hand to open the patient's airway. Check your life within 10 seconds: Listen to the sound, place your cheeks next to the patient's mouth, feel breathing and look for motors. If for some reason you can not perform a tilt head, chin, lift, maneuver, kneel down on the patient 's head, place your elbow on the surface and lay one hand. On both sides of the patient' s jaw, Use the forearm to stabilize the patient 's head and use the thumb to lower the patient' s chin with the index finger to retract the patient 's jaw. If the patient seems to be unattended, go from mouth to mouth.
For obese or pregnant patients, chest compressions should be done.
B is for breathing. From mouth to mouth
It is widely known that rescue breathing is done from mouth to mouth. It can also be done from mouth to nose, mouth to mouth, mouth to mouth, but rarely. Breathing work: Adult - One breath is 3 to 5 seconds (10 to 12 per minute), the child is 3 to 5 seconds (12 to 20 minutes) with one breath. Close the patient's nose while executing airway technology. Completely sealed in the mouth of the patient, breathe the patient with your mouth until you see the chest swelling. If breasts are not inflated, repeat airway techniques. Once my chest bulges, I take my 2nd breath. When doing the breathing method, please breathe once a second.
When the breathing method is applied, you will continue CA-B & B.
Children's CPR
Childhood CPR age 1 - 8
Carry out all the same tasks mentioned for adults: Check safety and consciousness and ask the child "Are you OK?" Or until the child's attention is evoked several times, the administrator's CPR In the case of no response In case of a child, you must manage five CPR personnel before calling 911. Place two fingers in the carotid artery (against throat / trachea) Child Check the pulse of pulse. If there is no pulse, start compression.
C is circulation - compression for children
Please make sure that the child is sitting on a firm surface. Before starting compression, decide whether you can use 1 1 hand instead of 2, depending on the child's size. It is important to note that you should not exceed 1/2 of your child's chest when you compress chest compressions. It must be between 1/3 and 1/2. Make sure your hand is properly placed on the child 's chest (in the middle of the chest, just below the ribs). Follow the same procedure as do CPR for adults. Thirty compressions and two breaths are equal to five breaths. Do not forget to call 911. Repeat the process.
Please check again for pulse.
A is for the respiratory tract - Clean the airway
Put your knees near the child 's shoulder / neck. I feel listening to something sound / breathing for 10 seconds while executing 3 stages with the adult's tilt · chin and mouth open. Please confirm that there is nothing to disturb the respiratory tract. If the child does not show signs of life, proceed to the breathing method.
B is for breathing - from mouth to mouth
Please give the child the same breathing work in the same way as in adults. Children's lungs are much smaller than adults, so breathe away when children do this work. Squeeze your nose after tilting your head and jaw. Please seal your mouth in the mouth of your child and work on breathing.
Remember to breathe once to the child's lungs while confirming that the child's chest has swelled. If the child's chest is not inflated, repeat airway techniques. Once the chest bulges, carry out the next step.
Infant CPR
Infant's CPR is 12 months or less
Please check safety and consciousness before attempting infant CPR. For infants, please be sure to manage CPR before calling 911. You must not leave the infant. Perform CPR 5 times with compression against the same ratio of 30: 2 breathing.
C is for circulation - Compressor for infants
Please check the infant's pulse before attempting chest compressions. You can find a pulse just below your upper arm. If pulse is not felt, chest compressions will start. Please be very careful when you put pressure on an infant. Place two fingers for compression just below the nipple, in the middle of the chest, just below the horizontal line in the middle.
Remember, 100 compressions per minute - 30: 2 compression against breathing.
Apply about 5 compressions to breathing, or call 911 after about 2 minutes. Continue CPR until help arrives, or until my son starts breathing again. Compression is pushed around the circumference of about 1 and 1/2 inch.
A is for the respiratory tract - Clean the airway
Please put the infant on a firm / solid face on your back just like an adult or a child. Please put one hand on the shoulder of an infant so that the other hand gently lifts the jaw and then kneel down on the shoulders of the infant.
Again, I will check if there are signs of life.
Look, listen to something breathing for 10 seconds and listen. Do not forget to place your cheeks just in front of your child's mouth while checking the pulse under the upper arm. If the young child does not show signs of life, start breathing.
B is for breathing - from mouth to mouth
Breathing to infants is different from breathing to adults or children.
When I take my breath to my son, the whole mouth is placed on the mouth and nose of an infant. Please perform this work without breathing in comparison with children. When the chest rises, the second breath is completed for 1 second each. If your chest does not rise, please check if there is any obstruction to the baby 's respiratory tract and repeat the process.
Please try to feel the pulse. If not, please continue with CPR.
To suffocate
Suffocation is caused by objects that occlude the throat or wind pipe. Adults often suffocate with big food, but children often swallow small toys or other things.
Remember that the universal signs for suffocation mimics making yourself suffocate. In many cases, the person is simply coughing, so ask the patient whether he / she is suffocated. If the patient is unconscious, please call 911.
Infants under 12 months: Rest the patient with the forearm and gently place the forearm on your thigh. Hit the heel of your hand five times with the infant 's back. If the patient is still suffocating, face up with the infant facing up and do 5 chest compressions with two fingers on the breastplate. Repeat this process until the object is submitted.
Children and adults: When steering Heimlich, be sure to stand behind the person. Tilt the person slowly forward and wind the arm around the waist. Next, press your fists with your closed hands faster than grab your fist with your other hands. Perform 5 rapid thrusts. If the object has not yet cleared the throat / wind pipe of the patient, repeat that cycle.
Unconscious Person: When performing a Heimlich operation on an unconscious person, put the patient on the back. Clean the airway and remove foreign bodies by wiping the patient's mouth with your fingers as necessary. If you can not see the object or you can not see it from the patient's mouth, be sure to implement CPR. Chest compressions are most likely to block the patient's respiratory tract.
If you still can not block the patient's airway or if the patient still has no signs, please call 911 to continue chest compressions.
Fibrillation
Ventricular tachycardia is a rapid heart beat starting from the lower ventricle (ventricle) of the ventricle. The ventricle is the main room of the main heart and squeezes the heart. Ventricular tachycardia can cause ventricular fibrillation and can be very life-threatening.
Ventricular fibrillation is when the myocardium trembles instead of contracting. Ventricular fibrillation requires immediate medical response. If the patient loses attention, blood circulation disappears and regresses. After 4 minutes, severe brain injury occurs, brain damage becomes severe after 8 minutes, there is a possibility of death.
Automatic external defibrillator (AED) guideline
When should I use AED?
CPR is a very important action in rescuing a patient's life. However, AED is very important for restoring the natural rhythm of heartbeat and resuming the patient's heart. If the patient is unresponsive, there is no breath and you need to apply the AED after performing CPR, you need to implement CPR. If AED does not return the patient to consciousness, it is necessary to re-administer CPR. It is very important to call 911 or Emergency Medical Service (EMS) before implementing CPR or before applying AED.
How to use AED
Turn on the AED - Usually there is an "on" button, but there may be a lever. Remove all clothing of the patient's arms, chest and abdomen regardless of whether they are male or female. Attach the pad to the naked skin of the chest. Do not forget to use the proper system for children and adults (please do not use AED for young children). Place the left armpit in the left armpit, the left side of the nipple the right breast under the collar on the right side of the chest. Place the pad at least 1 inch away from the embedded device. Next, connect the wiring. Analyze the patient's heart rhythm. Be careful not to touch the patient during defibrillator processing. If the AED does not automatically start the analysis, please be sure to press the analysis button. If you need shock, please push the shock button.
Make sure your patient has no debris like metals, large amounts of water etc.
The shock of the new AED occurs only once. However, some models are shocked up to three times. If the patient is shocked but does not recover the pulse, immediately CPR is performed for 2 minutes. If shock is not recommended, continue CPR. Please remove a lot of water and metal. When using AED, shave the patient as necessary. Place the pad at least 1 inch away from the implanted device or Transdermal medication patch (or remove the patch).
Caution: We recommend physical training of AED before use.
Resuscitation (special situation)
Drowning
Remove wet clothing from the patient and replace with a warm and dry one. If the patient is unconscious, be sure to rescue your breath. If rescue breathing can not be accessed, be sure to carry out chest compressions.
Trauma
Always use chin sticking operation when performing airway work. To maintain patient protection, please check for injuries such as head, vertebral column and neck.
hypothermia
Hypothermia is considered a patient's body temperature below 95 ° F. Please remove the patient from a humid place. Remove all wet items that the patient is wearing and dry it warm. If the patient is unconscious, be careful not to raise the body part of the patient above the heart. Please check that the pulse is confirmed for 35 to 45 seconds.
Electric shock
Please check safety before trying patient's performance. Make sure the patient is not near the current or fuse box. CPR is cardiac arrest priority 1. Patients, burns, abrasions and other body hormones are not considered as priorities. 1. If the patient's reaction slows down or the pulse rate decreases, CPR is performed.
Rescuers should not only physically and mentally fit, but also skillfully prepared and prepared for emergency response. The rescuer must be familiar with all equipment necessary for use in advance.
Let's review now
Infant - Review
Infant's AHA guidelines are under 12 years old. The same CAB process is done along with some important differences with children like children and adults.
Unless someone can do, please run five people before calling 911. Please place two fingers beneath the nipple and beneath the center of the chest. Unlike children and adults, your mouth is placed on the mouth and nose of an infant. The same ratio of CAB is used at 30: 2 with 100 pressures with 1 second breath.
Child's review
AHA guidelines for children are 1 to 8 years of age. The same process, like a girl, is slightly different from adults.
Be sure to implement CPR before calling 911. The ratio between chest compressions and breathing is 30: 2. Look, listen and breathe. Please confirm that there is nothing to disturb the respiratory tract. Squeeze your nose and breathe.
Adult Review
Shout out as "Are you OK?" To see if the patient is conscious. Several times. If the patient does not respond, immediately call 911 and then CA-B. Circulation - Use two hands for chest compressions at a rate of 100 per minute Compress the mouth and mouth. Airway - Tilt the head to the back, listen to breathing, then search for reactions. Breathing - mouth to mouth - Seal the patient's mouth, make sure that the patient's chest bulges, then breathe. Otherwise, do airway techniques until the chest swells. Two breaths for 30 chest compressions - 1 second for each breath.
Remember the task order: circulation, respiratory tract, breathing (CAB).
Chocolate reviews
Suffocation is caused by objects that occlude the throat or wind pipe. The universal sign to suffocate is to put your hands around your neck.
Treatment for toddlers: Add five blows to the baby 's back and compression of the two fingers on the chest and repeat until the object is clogged. Treatment for children and adults: Perform Heimlich's operations (5 fast-paced hands). Treatment for unconscious people: Place a person on your back on your back and CPR. I will never forget to clean the airway and call 911.
When using AED
Remove the patient's clothing from the intended placement of the pad. Put the pad on the bare skin. Release the pad from the implanted device / medicated patch. Connect the wire and check the patient's heart rhythm. If you have advice please give the patient a shock. If not, CPR is done for 2 more minutes and we reconfirm the patient's pleasant rhythm.
If you are interested in obtaining certification, if you are interested in further learning, please visit http://www.nationalcprfoundation.com/.
We also provide certificates for basic life support for First Aid, blood borne pathogens, health care professionals, workers in the workplace and the community!
-National CPR Foundation
